醉翁亭记（《醉翁亭记》原文及6个版本英译）

　　本文转自：英语微记
　　《醉翁亭记》是北宋文学家欧阳修创作的一篇散文。作者醉在两处：一是陶醉于山水美景之中，二是陶醉于与民同乐之中。下面来看看六个版本的英译。
　　环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美。望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泄出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁？山之僧曰智仙也。名之者谁？太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高，故自号曰醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。
　　若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。
　　至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍然白发，颓然乎其中者，太守醉也。
　　已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。太守谓谁？庐陵欧阳修也。
　　TheRoadsideHutoftheOldDrunkard
　　OuyangXiu
　　TheDistrictofChuisenclosedallaroundbyhills，ofwhichthoseinthesouthwestboastthemostlovelyforestsanddales。Inthedistance，denselywoodedandpossessedofaruggedbeauty，isMt。Langya。Whenyoupenetrateamileortwointothismountainyoubegintohearthegurglingofastream，andpresentlythestreamtheBrewersSpringcomesintosightcascadingbetweentwopeaks。Roundingabendyouseeahutwithaspreadingroofbythestream，andthisistheRoadsideHutoftheOldDrunkard。ThishutwasbuiltbythemonkZhixian。Itwasgivenitsnamebythegovernor，referringtohimself。Thegovernor，comingherewithhisfriends，andsinceheisthemostadvancedinyears，hecallshimselftheOldDrunkard。Hedelightslessindrinkingthaninthehillsandstreams，takingpleasureinthemandexpressingthefeelinginhisheartthroughdrinking。
　　Nowatdawnandduskinthismountaincomethechangesbetweenlightanddarkness：whenthesunemerges，whenthecloudshanglow，thegrottoesarewrappedingloom。Theninthecourseofthefourseasons，Youfindwildflowersburgeoningandbloomingwithasecretfragrance，thestatelytreesputontheirmantleofleavesandgiveagoodlyshade，untilwindandfrosttouchallwithausterity，thewatersinkslowandtherocksatthebottomofthestreamemerge。Amangoingthereinthemorningandreturningintheeveningduringthechangingpageantoftheseasonscanderiveendlesspleasurefromtheplace。
　　Andthelocalpeoplemaybeseenmakingtheirwaythereandbackinanendlessstream，theoldandinfirmaswellasinfantsinarms，mencarryingburdenswhosingastheygo，passersbystoppingtorestbeneaththetrees，thoseinfrontcallingoutandthosebehindanswering。Therethegovernorgivesafeastwithavarietyofdishesbeforehim，mostlywildvegetablesandmountainproduce。Thefisharefreshlycaughtfromthestream，thewineisbrewedwithspringwater，andsincethespringissweetthewineissuperb。Twhensomeonewinsagameoftouhuorchess，whentheymarkuptheirscoresindrinkinggamestogether，orraiseacheerfuldinsittingorstanding，itcanbeseenthattheguestsareenjoyingthemselves。Theelderlymanwithwhitehairinthemiddle，whositsutterlyrelaxedandathisease，isthegovernor，alreadyhalfdrunk。
　　Thenthesunsinkstowardsthehills，andnowthegovernorleaves，followedbyhisguests。Intheshadeofthewoodsbirdschirpaboveandbelow，showingthatthemenhavegoneandthebirdsareatpeace。Butalthoughthebirdsenjoythehillsandforests，andalthoughmenenjoyaccompanyingthegovernorthere，theycannotunderstandhispleasureeither。Thegovernorisabletosharehisenjoymentwithotherswhenheisinhiscups，andsoberagaincanwriteanessayaboutit。Whoisthisgovernor？OuyangXiuofLuling。
　　（杨宪益、戴乃迭译）
　　TheStoryoftheOldDrunkardTower
　　OuyangHsiu
　　TheprefectureofChuissurroundedwithhillsonallsides。Thewoodedravinesofthesouthwestpeaksareparticularlybeautiful。Lo，thereisLangYaHillshroudedindeep，luxuriantblue。Afterafewmileswalkinthemountains，themurmurofastreamwillgraduallycomewithinhearingthatistheBrewingFountainpouringdownbetweentwopeaks。ByturningroundthepeakalongabendingpaththereappearsatowerstandinglikeaperchingbirdabovethefountainthatistheOldDrunkardTower。Whobuiltthetower？ABuddhistmonk，theWiseImmortal。Whogaveitthename？ThePrefectreferstohimself。ThePrefectcomestodrinkherewithhisguests。Oandbeingtheeldesthethereforecallshimselftheolddrunkard。Theolddrunkardisnotinterestedinthewine，butinthehillsandrivers。Thejoyofhillsandrivers，foundintheheart，minglesitselfwiththewine。
　　Toillustrate，thesunrisedispersingthemistsoverthewoods，andthereturnofcloudsdimmingthecavesbelowtherocksthisisthealterationoflightandshade，whichrepresentsthemorningandeveninginthemountains。Sthehigh，clearskies，rocksstandingoutofrecedingwaterthesearethechangesofthefourseasonsinthemountains。Goingoutinthemorningandcomingbackintheevening，onefindseachofthefourseasonshasitsdifferentscenery，andthepleasureisinexhaustible。
　　Asforthecarriersontheroad，thewayfarerstakingrestunderthetrees，someshoutingaheadandsomescorebehind，andothersbentwithburdensgoingtoandfrowithoutabreakthesearevisitorsfromChuitself。TandwithmountaingameandwildvegetableplacedbeforehiminaconfusedmannerthatisthePrefectatbanquet。Thepleasureofrevelryismusicneitherofstring，noofbamboo。Tandpeoplesittingdownandrisingupwithmuchnoisetheguestsarehappyandmerry。Andamidstthecrowdamanwithasallowfaceandwhitehair，beinghardlyabletostandfirmthatisthePrefectmadedrunk。
　　Soonthesuntouchingthemountain，andtheshadowsofmenbeingscatteredinconfusionthePrefect，followedbyhisguests，isgoingback。Intheshadesofthegroveswarblingisheardupanddownthebirdsareenjoyingthemselvesafterthedepartureofthevisitors。Thebirdsenjoymountainsandwoods，andmenenjoythepleasureoffollowingthePrefectinexcursion，buttheyknownotwhatpleasurethePrefectenjoys。Hewhosharestheirpleasuresindrunkenness，andwhenawakecanrelateitinwritingthisisthePrefect。WhoisthePrefect？OuyangHsiuofLuLing。
　　（潘正英译）
　　ThePavilionoftheDrunkenOldMan
　　OuyangXiu
　　ChuZhouissurroundedwithmountains。Theforestsandvalleysonthesouthwestridgeareespeciallybeautiful。Lyinginthedistance，wherethetreesgrowluxuriantlyandgracefully，istheLangyaMountain。Sixorsevenliupthemountainpath，agurglingsoundgrowsclearerandclearer。Itisfromaspringthatfallsbetweentwomountains。ThespringiscalledtheWineMakingSpring。Thepathturnsandtwistsalongthemountainridge，andabovethespringrestsapavilionperchingaloftlikeabirdwithwingsoutstretched。ThisisthePavilionoftheDrunkenOldMan。Whobuiltthispavilion？MonkZhixian，wholivedinthemountain。Andwhofurnisheditwiththatname？Itwastheprefect，whonameditafterhisownalias。Theprefectoftencomesheretodrinkwinewithhisfriendsandheeasilygetstipsyafterafewcups。Beingoldestinageamonghiscompanions，hecallshimselfthedrunkenoldman。Thedrinkersheartisnotinthecup，butinthemountainsandwaters。Thejoyhegetsfromthemistreasuredintheheart，andnowandthenhewillexpressitthroughwinedrinking。
　　Inthemorning，therisingsundispersestheforestmists，andintheevening，thegatheringcloudsdarkenthecavesandvalleys。Thisshiftingfromlighttodarknessismorningandeveninginthemountains。Inspring，insummer，inautumn，theskyishighandcrisp，andthefrost，inwinter，thewaterofthecreekrecedesandthebarebedrockemerges。Thesearethemountainscenesinthefourseasons。Goingtothemountaininthemorningandreturninghomeintheeveningandenjoyingthebeautiesofthemountainindifferentseasonsisadelightbeyonddescription！
　　Carriersaresingingallalongtheway，andpedestriansaretakingrestbeneaththetrees。Someareshoutingfromtheforeandareansweredbyothersfrombehind。Therearehunchbackedoldfolks，andchildrenledbytheirelders。TheyarepeoplefromChuzhouwhohavecomehereinanendlessstream。Somearefishingbythecreekwherethewaterisdeepandthefisharebig。Thewateritselfisfaintlyscentedandthewinebrewedfromitiscrystalclear。Upontheprefectsbanquettableisasundrylayerofdishes，includingthemeatofwildbeastsandtheflavoringsofediblemountainherbs。Thejoyofthefeastliesnotinthemusicalaccompanimentofstringsorflutes，butinwinningthegames，suchasthrowingarrowsintothevessel，orchessplaying。Winecupsandgamblingchipslayscatteredinblithedisarray。Therevelers，nowsitting，nowstanding，cavortmadlyamongthemselves。Thesearetheprefectsguests，andtheoldmanwithwizenedfaceandwhitehairamongthem，whoishalfdrunk，isnoneotherthantheprefecthimself。
　　Asduskfalls，oneseesshiftingshadowsscatteringinalldirections。Theprefectisleavingforhome，andhisguestsarefollowinghim。Theshadowsofthetreesaredeepening，andbirdsarechirpinghighandlow。Thepeoplearegoinghome，leavingthebirdsfreetoenjoythemselves。Thebirdsonlyknowtheirjoyinthewoodedmountains，butareunawareofwhatmakesthepeoplejoyful。Thepeopleonlyknowthattheyarejoyfulontheirexcursionwiththeprefect，butareunawarethattheprefectfindshisjoyinseeingthemjoyful。He，whoenjoyshimselfwiththepeoplewhendrunk，andrecordsthisexcursioninwritingwhensober，istheprefecthimself。Andwhoistheprefect？HeisOuyangXiuofLuling。
　　（罗经国译）
　　TheArbouroftheDrunkenGraybeard
　　OuyangXiu
　　SurroundingChuPrefectureareallmountains。Thosestandinginthesouthwestwithwoodedpeaksandvalleysarethemostsublime。Theonethatcommandsaviewofluxuriantforests，impartingasenseofseclusionandveiledbeauty，isMountLangya。Awalkofsixorsevenlialongthemountaintrailbringsonewithinearshotofgurglingwater，whichannouncesNiangSpringgushingoutbetweentwopeaks。Thepathtwistsandthepeakgivesachangedaspect。Thenonecomesinsightofanarboursoaringlikeabirdspreadingitswingsoverthespring。ThisisnamelytheArbouroftheDrunkenGraybeard。Whosetupthearbour？ThemonkofthemountainscalledZhiXian。Whogaveitthename？HisExcellencytheprefect。Theprefectandhisguestsoftencomeheretodrink。Evenwithafewsips，theformerwouldbecomeintoxicated，andbeingtheoldest，styledhimselftheDrunkenGraybeard。TheDrunkenGraybearddoesnotaimatwine，butatthesplendidscenery。Thedelightitbestowsisacquiredbyheartbutdepositedinwine。
　　Thesunrises，thefogintheforestsdissipates，andthestonecavesbecomeobscuredascloudsarevanishingtheshiftoflighttodarknessmarksthepassageoftimefromdawntilldusk。Andthenthewildflowersblossom，emittingtheirdelicatefragrance，thewoodsarecladwithlushfoliage。Again，natureishoarywithrimeandstonesstandoutintheshallowstreamallthisshowsthechangesofthefourseasonsinthemountains。Settingoutfrommornandreturningateve，oneperceivesthedifferentviewsindifferentseasonsandthejoyofadmiringnature’sbeautyissimplyinfinite。
　　Asforthecarrierssingingontheway，theramblersrestinginthetrees’shade，themenwalkingaheadcallingandbeingansweredbythosetrailingbehind，andtheseniletrudgingwithbowedbodiesortheadultsleadingtheirchildrenbythehand，allforminganuninterruptedpassageofpeopletoandfroitistheChufolkssaunteringonthemountain。Anglinginthedeepstreamteemingwithfatfish，brewingaromaticwinewithNiangSpringwater，huntingforgameandgatheringwildedibleplantsallthisisforthepreparationofamiscellaneousfeastinhonouroftheprefect。Thejocundityofthefeastdoesnotfindexpressioninmusic。Youcanseethecontestantsshootingtheirarrowsintothepotsforprizes，thechessplayerswinningtheirgames，cupsandgobletsscattersinconfusion，andpeopleroisteringinstandingorsittingposturesitistheguestsrevelling。Andthewhitehairedoldman，strickeninyears，lyingprostrateintheirmidstitistheprefectbeinginebriated。
　　Thenthesunissettingdownthemountainridges，andtheexcursionistsaredispersingindifferentdirections。Theprefectisgoinghome，followedbyhisguests。Underthecanopyofleaves，birdsarewarblingeverywhere，fortheyaregladofthedepartureoftheintruders。However，thefowlsknowthejoyofwoodedmountains，buttheyarebeyondtheknowledgeofman’shappiness。Andthefolksknowhowtomakemerryinthecompanyoftheprefect，buttheyhavenoideahowHisExcellencyenjoyshimself。Theonewhoisabletosharethecommonmirthwhenintoxicatedandputitdowninrefineddescriptionwhensoberedisnoneotherthantheprefect。Whoistheprefect？OuyangXiuofLuling。
　　（谢百魁译）
　　Cthewoodsandvalleystothesouthwestareparticularlybeautiful。Oneoftheranges，theLangya，whichcanbeseenfromalongwayoff，isthicklycoveredwithtallandgracefulvegetation。Afterjourneyingonthemountainsideforsixorsevenli，onebeginstohearthesoundofflowingwater。ItistheNiangSpringrushingoutfrombetweentwopeaks。Placedamidstsurroundingelevationsandwindingroadsisapavilionwhichjutsoutoverthespringlikethewingofabird。ThisistheOldDrunkard’sPavilion，whichwasbuiltbythemonkChihhsienandnamedbythePrefectwithanallusiontohimself。Hefrequentlycomeshereanddrinkswithhisguests。Hegetsdrunkonafewcups，andheistheoldestofallthetopers。HencetheselfimposednicknameOldDrunkard。However，OldDrunkard’sheartisnotsetonthewine，butliessomewherebetwixtthemountainsandtherivers。Thedelightofmountainsandriverscomesfromtheheart，andisderivedfromwine。
　　Whenthesunrises，theatmosphereinthewoodsclearsup。Whenthecloudscomehome，themountaincavesgrowdark。Thiscomingofbrightnessanddarknessspellsthearrivalofmorningandeveningrespectivelyinthemountains。Nnowwindandfrost，highandpure，nowthewaterbecomesclearandthepebblesareexposedtoview。Thesearethefourseasonsinthemountains。Ifwemakeouroutingsinthemorningandcomebackintheevening，thelandscapesofthefourseasonsaredifferentandthepleasurestheyaffordareunlimited。
　　Peoplecarryingburdenssingastheygo，travelerspausetorestunderthetrees，thosewalkinginfrontgiveashoutandthosefollowingbehindrespond。Thetravelers，withtheirbacksbent，carrytheirchildrenandcomeandgoincessantly。ThesearethepeopleofChuchowjourneyingontheroad。Whenangleinthedeepbrook，wecatchfatfish。Whenwemakewinewiththesweetspringwater，itisclearandsmoothtothepalate。OthermountainfoodandwildvegetableareassembledwiththeseandsetonthetablebeforeuswhenthePrefectgiveshisfeast。Evenwithoutwindorstringedinstruments，therevelriesbecomeintensewitharrowthrowingandchess，withdrinkingandwinegames。Nowseated，nowstandingup，theguestsutterloudnoises，andhaveamarveloustime。Littlebylittle，thePrefect，sittinginthecenterwithhiswrinkledfaceandgrayhair，isseendroopingundertheeffectofthewine。
　　Shortlyafter，thesunsetsoverthemountains，theshadowsoftherevelersarescatteredaroundandtheguestsfollowthePrefectashereturnshome。Apallofdarknesscoversthetrees，whilethebirdswarblehereandthereastheguestsleave。However，whilethebirdsknowthedelightsofmountainsandtrees，andwhilemenknowthedelightsoftravelingwiththePrefect，theydonotknowhowthePrefectenjoystheirpleasures。ItisthePrefectwhocansharetheirpleasureswhiledrunkandwriteaboutthemwhilesober。WhoisthePrefect？ItisnoneotherthanOuyangHsiufromLuling。
　　（刘师舜译）
　　TheOldDrunkard’sArbour
　　OuYangShiou
　　ThedistrictofCh’uisentirelysurroundedbyhills，andthepeakstothesouthwestareclothedwithadenseandbeautifulgrowthoftrees，overwhichtheeyewandersinraptureawaytotheconfinesofShantung。
　　Awalkoftwoorthreemilesonthosehillsbringsonewithinearshotofthesoundoffallingwaterwhichgushesforthfromaravine，andisknownastheWineFwhilehardbyinanookatabendintheroadstandsakiosque，commonlyspokenofastheOldDrunkard’sArbour。
　　ItwasbuiltbyaBuddhistpriest，calledDeathlessWisdom，andwhoreceivedtheabovenamefromtheGovernorhimself。Fandashepersonallywasincapacitatedbyaveryfewcups，andwas，moreover，wellstrickeninyears，hegavehimselfthesobriquetoftheOldDrunkard。
　　Bitwasthecharmingscenerywhichwineenabledhimtoenjoy。
　　Thesun’srays，peepingatdawnthroughthetrees，byandbytobeobscuredbehindgatheringclouds，leavingnaughtbutgloomaround，givetothisspotthealternationsofmorningandnight。
　　Tthesearetheindicationsofspring，summer，autumn，andwinter。
　　Morningisthetimetogothither，andalthoughtheplacepresentsadifferentaspectwiththechangesoftheseason，itscharmsaresubjecttonointerruption，butcontinuealways。
　　Burdencarrierssingtheirwayalongtheroad，shoutsfromone，childreninarms，thesearethepeopleofCh’u。
　　Acastinthestream，these，nicelyspreadoutbeforehand，constitutetheGovernor’sfeast。
　　Andintherevelryofthebanquethourthereisnothoughtoftoilortrouble。Everyarcherhitshismark，gobletsflashfromhandtohand，andabuzzofconversationisheardastheguestsmoveunconstrainedlyabout。Amongthemisanoldmanwithwhitehair，baldatthetopofhishead。ThisisthedrunkenGovernor，who，whentheeveningsunkissesthetipsofthehills，andthefallingshadowsaredrawnoutandblurred，bendshisstepshomewardsincompanywithhisfriends。Theninthegrowingdarknessareheardsoundsaboveandbelow：thebeastsofthefieldandthebirdsoftheairarerejoicingatthedepartureofman。They，too，canrejoiceinhillsandtrees，buttheycannotrejoiceasmanrejoices。
　　SoalsotheGovernor’sfriends。Theyrejoicewithhim，thoughtheyknownotatwhatitisthatherejoices。Drunk，sober，suchistheGovernor。AndshouldyouaskwhoistheGovernor，Ireply，OuyangHsiuofLuling。
　　（HerbertA。Giles译）
　　ThePavilionofanOldDrunkard
　　OuyangXiu
　　TheTownofChuisencircledbyhills。However，thoseinthesouthwestboastthemostfascinatingforestsandvalleys。YetthemostlushlyverdantandbeautifullysecludedamongthemisMountLangya。Hikingonetotwomilesintoit，youbegintohearwatergurgling，andthatgurglingsoundwillusheryoutoanaturalfountaintheBrewingSpring，whereastreamofwatergushesoutbetweentwopeaks。Roundingthebendandwindingalongthetrack，youwillsee，perchedrightabovethefountain，apavilionwithitsroofspreadingupwardlikeabigopenwingedbird，andthatisthePavilionofanOldDrunkard。Whobuiltit，youmaywonder？ItisZhixian，themonkinthemountain！Whonamedit？TheGovernor，afterhisownnickname！Once，theGovernorbroughthisfriendsheretohobnob。Becausehewasthemostseniorandsoongottipsy，hethusreferredtohimselfasanOldDrunkard。However，whatheisinterestedinisnottogetdrunkfromthewine，buttogetintoxicatedwiththescenery，forthefunwithscenerycomesfromone’sheartbutenlivensinthecup。
　　Whenthesunrises，whentheskyhazesover，thevalleysblur。Thisalternationofbrightnessanddimnesscharacterizesthemorningsanddusksinthehills。Whenthewildflowersbloom，whenthesturdytreesflourish，whenthewinddriftshigh，whenthewaterrecedes，rocksemerge。Theseshiftstypifythefourseasonsinthehills。Andso，thevariedscenesofthefourseasonsyouseeduringyourmorningvisithereoruponyoureveninghomereturningwillgiveyouendlesspleasure。
　　Therefore，nowonthispath，whichisfrequentedbyallkindsofsightseersfromthetown，theaged，theinfirm，andeventhetoddlersinarms。Thestreamisdeep，thewaterfromthefountainisgoodforbrewingaromaticandmellowwine。AndnowtheGovernor’sfeastisinprogress，withdishesofwildgameandwildvegetablescasuallylaidoutinfront。Whatcreatesthejoyousmoodhereisnotstringmusic，norflutemusic，butthemomentwhenalltheinvitedjumpuptocheerforapottargethitter，orachesswinner，orthevociferousfingergamecompetitors。AmidthemallistheintoxicatedsilverhairedGovernor。
　　Soontheglowingsunsinkstowardthehills，slantingandscatteringthehumanshadows。TheGovernorstartstoleave，followedbyhisguests。Theverdantwoodsareshaded，andthebirds，rioting。Theretreatofthehumansbringscheertothefowlandbirds。Yetthefowlandbirdsonlyknowthehappinessobtainedfromthehillsandwoods，butdonotunderstandthehumans’happiness，andtheguestsonlyknowthehappinessofaccompanyingtheGovernor，butnotthattheirGovernorenjoyshisownenjoyments，thatis，whendrunk，enjoyinghisguests，andwhensober，enjoyingwritingdownhisprose。ThisisthetypeofGovernorheis！Andwhoishe？OuyangXiu，aLulingdweller！
　　（徐英才译）